Orphans and Children without Parental Care

Orphans  –  persons under 18 years of age, whose parents are deceased, or one parent is deceased.

Children without parental care – children under 18 years, without the care of one or both parents, in the following cases:

• death of parents (orphans);
• long-term absence of parents;
• deprivation or limitation of parental rights;
• parents deemed missing or disabled (partially incapacitated);
• illness of parents;
• parents are serving time in institutions or detention facilities, deprived of their liberty, either on suspicion of or accused of committing a crime;
• parents’ avoidance of parenting or protection of children’ rights and interests, including parents’ refusal to take their children to and from educational and medical institutions, social protection, and other similar institutions;
• other cases of children without parental care, as specified by the law.

Person with disabilities – a person who has a health disorder with a disability, caused by illnesses, or injuries (wounds, trauma, concussions), resulting in limitations to daily life that require his/her social protection.

Child with disabilities – a person under 18 years of age, who has a health disorder with a disability, caused by illnesses or injuries (wounds, trauma, concussions), resulting in limitations to daily life that require his/her social protection.

Residential Institutions for children – children's homes, social and pedagogical institutions, boarding schools for orphans and children without parental care, auxiliary boarding schools, special general education boarding schools, specialised educational institutions, special medical-educational institutions, and other residential institutions for children.

An orphanage for children with disabilities is an organization that provides social services, and is a medical and social institution, designed for permanent residence of children in need of care, domestic and medical services, as well as social and labor adaptation. In an orphanage, a department or group with a five or six-day regime may be organized.

Orphans and Children without Parental Care